The Impact of Supply Chain Uncertainty on Performance: Exploring the Mediating Role of Visibility

Abstract

This study explores the impact of supply chain uncertainties—economic, demand, and technological—on the performance of oil marketing companies (OMCs) in Pakistan’s Petroleum Industry, while highlighting the critical mediating role of supply chain visibility (SCV). A quantitative research design was employed, gathering responses from industry professionals and analyzing the data through Smart PLS-4. Results demonstrate that uncertainties significantly disrupt supply chain performance. However, SCV effectively mitigates these challenges by enabling better decision-making, enhancing collaboration, and fostering operational agility. The study underscores the importance of adopting advanced technologies, such as IoT and blockchain, to strengthen SCV and build resilient supply chains. By addressing key challenges in the petroleum sector, this research provides actionable insights for OMCs to optimize their strategies, improve performance metrics, and navigate the complexities of an uncertain and volatile business environment.